The Globe At War
The British and United States needed to win the Battle for the
Atlantic before they could entertain any realistic hope for invading
Europe. Defeating the German U-boats however represented a
daunting task. Historian Richard Overy wrote cogently about the Allied
problems, in his 1995 study of allied successes; "In an area as vast as
the Atlantic the submarine was an inherently difficult enemy to
defeat. Cruising on the surface it could outrun most ships; submerged
it was invisible without the right scientific equipment. The initiative lay
with the submarines who could choose where and when to engage
enemy traffic."

The scope of the devastation wrought by German U-boats in 1942
was such when Roosevelt and Churchill met at Casablanca in January
of 1943, the Battle for the Atlantic served as one of the primary
topics discussed. Although the Allies debated tactics inconclusively
they created the groundwork for taking on the U-boat threat in a
more cooperative manner; a basis for action that would lead to war
winning results.



Picture Courtesy US National Archives, ARC Identifier 520607

Allied tanker torpedoed in Atlantic Ocean by German submarine during 1942. Ship
crumbling amidship under heat of fire, settles toward bottom of ocean.